Au pays des mandarins [In the Land of the Mandarins] (1905) – dir. Auguste François

Catalogue of the Gaumont cinema company announcing the release of ‘Au pays des mandarins’ in May 1905

42 mins, b&w, silent

Source : A version of this film, without introductory titles, is held by the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford and is available via its website here. A similar version is also held by the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, and is available here.

Short assemblies of this and other footage clearly shot at the same time can also be found – without authorial attribution – on the website of the Gaumont-Pathé Archives (by entering ‘Chine’ and ‘<1910’ into the search engine).

This film is based on a compilation of footage shot by the French Consul, Auguste François, in Kunming, capital of Yunnan province, southwest China, in the years 1901-1904. This footage appears to be the first moving images to be shot in China. Although this compilation was released in 1905, some parts of it may have been released earlier.

This film offers a rich account of everyday life in and around Kunming in the last years of the Qing dynasty that is remarkable both for its technical quality and ethnographic variety. In effect, it is a sort of miniature precursor to the ‘city symphonies’ of the 1920s.

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Oroqen, The (1963) – dir. Yang Guanghai and others

‘The Oroqen’ (1963) – dir. Yang Guanghai and others

78 mins., b&w, sound – non-diegetic music and voice-over

Production : Chinese Academy of Sciences. This film is one of the most substantial films in the Chinese Historical Ethnographic Film Series.

Others involved in the direction of this film were Zhao Fuxing, Lu Guangtian, Qiu Pu and Karsten Krüger.

Content – This  film concerns the Oroqen, a nomadic group of hunters and gatherers in Northeast China, and one the smallest ethnic minorities in the country. It presents scenes of their everyday life, material culture, social organisation and their relationship with Anda traders. There are also sequences about their shamanistic rituals as well as about their marriage and funeral ceremonies.

© 2018 Paul Henley